Guinan Dictionary

ID	Guinan	POS0	POS1	POS2	POS3	POS4	Inflection	PCA	RootIDs	Evolution notes	English	Usage notes
1	kō	verb	transitive	active	perfective		kō, kūmï, kūku; kūci	kaŋ	15		to eat
2	kaiśi	verb	transitive	active	salient		kaiśi, kūśmï, kūśku; kūści	kaŋ-saj	15,54		to eat
3	orxe	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial		orxe, orxëmë, orxoko	haruk-saj	3,54		to eat
4	brū	verb	intransitive	active	perfective		brū, ???, ???; ???	muraw-haw	29,4	Irregular metathesis bur>bru	to yell
5	brūśi	verb	intransitive	active	salient		brūśi, brūśmï, brūśku	muraw-haw-saj	29,4,54	Irregular metathesis bur>bru	to yell
6	brūwu	verb	intransitive	active	circumstantial		brūwu, ???, ???; ???	RDP-muraw-haw	49,29,4	Irregular metathesis bur>bru	to yell
7	pui	noun	count				pui, puiñi, puiri, puiku	puhit	46		rat?
8	kou	noun	count				kou, kouñe, koure, kouko	kahu	12		hole
9	pośië	noun	count				pośië, pośiëñe, pośiëre, pośiëko	pasan-juŋ	42,10		man
10	nūjï	noun	count				nūjï, nūjïñi, nūjïri, nūjïku	nuwim-juŋ	36,10		woman
11	xō	noun	mass				xō, xaiñi, xairi, xūpu	si-kaŋ	56,15		food
12	totië	noun	count				totië, totiëñe, totiëre, totiëko	tatan-juŋ	61,10		chief, boss
13	dā	verb	intransitive	stative	general		dā, dūmï, dōku; dōce	nat	32		to be happy, content
14	nōda	verb	intransitive	stative	situational		nōda, nūdmï, nūdku; nūdci	RDP-nat	49,32	Homophone of extinct na-causative form	to be happy, content
15	nśā	noun	mass				nśā, nśaiñi, nśēre, nśōko	si-nat	56,32	contentment > joy > eagerness/zeal > greed	greed
16	oro	noun	mass				oro, orñe, orre orko	haruk	3		hunger, thirst
17	orpo	verb	intransitive	stative	situational		orpo, orpëmë, orpoko	haruk-puk	3,47		to be hungry, thirsty
18	boro	adjective						maru	24		big, large
19	muru	adverb						muraw	29		very
20	rū	verb	transitive	active	perfective		rū, raumï, rūku	riw	50		to bite
21	ciru	noun	count				cirñi, cirri, cirku	ki-riw	17,50		tooth
22	rśū	noun	count				rśū, rśeiñi, rśūku	si-riw	56,50		bite, morsel; a little bit
23	ricru	noun					ricru, ricrïñi, ricriri, ricruku	RDP-ki-riw	49,17,50		bite; dentition
24	kece	noun	count				kece, kecñe, kecre, kocko	kataj	16		story, account, retelling
25	kotno	verb	intransitive	active	perfective		kotno, kotnëmë, kotnoko; kotnoce	kataj-naw	16,33		to recount, tell the story of
26	ketnośe	verb	intransitive	active	salient		ketnośe, kotnośmë, kotnośko; kotnośece	kataj-naw-saj	16,33,54		to recount, tell the story of
27	tekce	noun					tekce, tektëñe, tektere, tokceko	RDP-kataj	49,16		evening gathering (when stories are exchanged)
28	Guina	noun	proper				Guina, Guinïñi, Guiñiri, Guinuku	ŋan-juna	37,9	ŋan prefixed after merger of si-juna into juna, as hypothetical early ŋan-si-juna would have triggered i-mutation > ŋen-si-juna >> Gaina; lack of i-mutation is compatible with ŋan-juna and u-mutation > ŋon-juna >> Guina	the archipelago where Guinan is spoken; by restriction, its most populous island
29	domo	noun	count				domo, domñe, domre, domko	namu	31		seed, nut
30	wū	verb	intransitive	active	perfective		wū, waumï, wūku	haw	4		to complain
31	para	verb	intransitive	stative	general		para, pormï, porko; porce	parak	41		to be clearly visible
32	mipa	noun	count				mipa, mipñi, mipri, mipku	mipak	27		fruit (a piece of)
33	maro	noun	count				maro, merñe, merre, morko	maram	23		tree, wood (material)
34	rōro	noun	mass				rōro, rairñi, rairri, rūrku	RDP-maram	49,23		woodland, forest, jungle
35	juro	noun	count				juro, jurñi, jurri, jurku	juran	11		day
36	aibi	noun	mass				aibi, aibñi, aibri, ūbku	hamaj	2		breasts, bosom
37	aibśi	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial		aibśi, aibśïmï, aibśiku	hamaj-saj	2,54	breastfeed > nourish > nurture	to support, foster, nurture, take under one's wing
38	mejep	noun	count				mejep, meipñe, meipre, meipko	mahip	21		explanation, excuse
39	meife	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial		meife, meifëmë, meifeko	mahip-saj	21,54		to apologise to
40	śuka	noun	mass				śuka, śukñi, śukri, śukku	sukat	58		fire
41	śukçi	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial		śukçi, śukçïmï, śukçiku	sukat-saj	58,54		to cook (by fire), burn
42	jokwo	noun	count				jokwo, jokwëñe, jokwore, jokwoko	jak-kahu	6,12		doorway
43	keigi	noun	count				keigi, keigñi, keigri, keigku	ki-ŋit	17,38		ear
44	jëna	verb	intransitive	stative	situational		jïna, jïnmï, jïnku	juna	9		to span, reach, extend, run
45	jëna	noun	mass				jïna, jïnñi, jïnri, jïnku	si-juna	56,9		extent; edges, marches
46	moce	noun	mass				moce, mocñe, mocre, mocko	makuj	22		piss
47	mośo	noun	mass				mośo, nośñe, mośre, mośko	masut	25		cloud, mist, fog
48	pojë	noun	count				pojë, poiñe, poire, poiki	pajuŋ	39		pain, wound
49	pece	adjective						paki	40		pointed, sharp
50	pirï	noun	count				pirï, pirñi, pirri, pirku	pirun	45		awl, (sewing) needle
51	fece	noun	count				fece, fecñe, fecre, fecko	si-paki	56,40		arrow
52	śoto	verb	intransitive	active	perfective		śoto, śotmï, śotku	satu	55		to breathe, inhale
53	ciu	adjective						tihu	62		long
54	śī	adjective						sihi	57	plump, fat > stout > healthy, well	well, healthy
55	sei	noun	mass				sei, seiñi, seire, seiko	tisiŋ	64		water
56	wośo	noun	mass				wośo, wośñe, wośre, wośko	wasuk	69		foot, leg (human)	Leg (in contrast with foot) is specified with wośo cija
57	wiśa	adjective						wisa	72		tight, taut
58	neto	verb	intransitive	stative	??	na-causative	neto, netmï, netko	na-tiw	30,65		to cook
59	tū	verb	intransitive	stative	perfective		tū, taumï, tūku	tiw	65		to burn
60	jōrë	verb	transitive	active	perfective		jōrë, jōrmë, jōrko	jat-ruŋ	8,51		to hunt (successfully)
61	prūpu	verb	transitive	active	perfective		prūpu, prūpmï, prūpku	pinat-puk	43,47		to hunt (unsuccessfully)
62	nśeçe	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial		nśeçe, nśeçmë, nśeçko; nśoçkoce	si-nat-saj	56,32,54		to hunt, pursue
63	prūpxi	verb	transitive	active	salient		prūpxi, prūpxïmï, prūpxiku	pinat-puk-saj	43,47,54		to hunt, pursue
64	cīpu	verb	transitive	stative	situational	perceptive	cīpu, cīpïmï, cīpuku	ki-hin-puk	17,5,47		to see, catch the eye of	Stimulus-0, percipient-ni
65	jei	verb	transitive	stative	general	perceptive	jei, jeimï, jeiku	hin	5		to see	Percipient-0, stimulus-0
66	jei	verb	transitive	active	perfective	perceptive	jei, jeimï, jeiku	hin	5		to look at	Percipient-0, stimulus-ni
67	jeiśi	verb	transitive	active	salient	perceptive	jeiśi, jeiśmï, jeiśku	hin-saj	5,54		to look at	Percipient-0, stimulus-ni
68	cīśi	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial	perceptive	cīśi, cīśïmï, cīśiku	ki-hin-saj	17,5,54		to look at	Stimulus-ni, percipient-prefixed
69	keigpu	verb	transitive	stative	situational	perceptive	keigpu, keigpïmï, keigpuku	ki-ŋit-puk	17,38,47		to hear, catch the ear of	Stimulus-0, percipient-ni
70	gī	verb	transitive	stative	general	perceptive	gī, geimï, gīku	ŋit	38		to hear	Percipient-0, stimulus-0
71	gī	verb	transitive	active	perfective	perceptive	gī, geimï, gīku	ŋit	38		to listen to	Percipient-0, stimulus-ni
72	gīçi	verb	transitive	active	salient	perceptive	giçi, giçï, giçku	ŋit-saj	38,54		to listen to	Percipient-0, stimulus-ni
73	keigçi	verb	transitive	active	circumstantial	perceptive	keigçi, keigçïmï, keigçïku	ki-ŋit-saj	17,38,54		to listen to	Stimulus-ni, percipient-prefixed
74	tonce	verb	transitive	active	??	??? na-causative		tam-na-tuj	59,30,66	noce (<natuj) lexicalised, plus tō (<tam)	[causative auxilliary]
75	taunu	verb	intransitive	active	??	naw-causative		tiw-naw	65,33		to set light to	OBJ-ni
76	nako	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-kaŋ	30,15		to feed sb. (sth.)	Recipient-0, food-ri
77	kūnu	verb				naw-causative		kaŋ-naw	15,33		to feed sth. (to sb.)	Food-0, recipient-ni
78	to	comp						tam	59		[complementizer]	At least in periphrastic causative constructions
79	nōrë-jōrë	noun	mass					na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ	30,51,8,51	Regular norë lengthened by analogy with jōrë; essentially, norë 'to spook' + jōrë 'to hunt (successfullly)'	hide-and-seek (the game)
80	naro	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-raŋ	30,48		to kill (closed)
81	nośto	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-satu	30,55		to be hard work
82	noce	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-tuj	30,66	Generalized from 'place lying down' to generic 'put, place' - the specific meaning was taken over by taunu; homophones of extinct na-kuj	to put, place (regardless of orientation)
83	naja	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-jak	30,6	Irregular development, formally it looks as though it should take the needle and thread as an object	to sew
84	norë	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-ruŋ	30,51		to spook, startle
85	newe	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-wik	30,71		to throw
86	nepë	verb	intransitive			na-causative		na-piŋ	30,44		to divide, allot, allocate, assign
87	dōno	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		nat-naw	32,33	Na-causative merged with RDP (na-nat)	to please, make happy
88	rūnu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		raŋ-naw	48,33		to kill, let die (e.g. through neglect)	Killing through chornic neglect or harm (e.g. gradual poisoning) in contrast with acute causes
89	śotno	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		satu-naw	55,33		to bring to life
90	taunu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		tuj-naw	66,33	Formed after noce (<na-tuj) bleached from 'put lying down' to 'place'	to place lying down
91	jūnu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		jak-naw	6,33	Allowing strangers to travel through > Giving them hospitality while they are in the town village > Hosting them	to host, give hospitality to strangers, take in	?Used exclusively for strangers
92	kaunu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		kuj-naw	18,33		to discard, reject
93	raunu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		ruŋ-naw	51,33		to chase (playfully, cf. jōrë)
94	weinu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		wik-naw	71,33		to scare off, oust, deter
95	peinu	verb	intransitive			naw-causative		piŋ-naw	44,33		to organise
96	noina	verb	intransitive	stative		na-causative		na-juna	30,9		to spread, scatter
97	natpa	verb	intransitive	stative		na-causative		na-tapa	30,60		to break
98	nauśa	verb	intransitive	stative		na-causative		na-wasak	30,68		to disturb, irritate, annoy
99	nawa	verb	intransitive	active		na-causative		na-wak	30,67	Irregular semantics - ?implies *wak has some earlier meaning relating to being in the ground generally	to bury
100	najo	verb	intransitive	stative		na-causative		na-jam	30,7		to close (e.g. lid on container), tighten (e.g. fasten on clothes, knot on string)	Can take either the item (e.g. container, clothing) of the closing mechanism (e.g. lid, buttom) as a direct object. If both are specified (e.g. close the lid on the jar), the item takes the dative -ni
101	wośno	verb	intransitive	stative		naw-causative		wasak-naw	68,33		to make doubt, give pause
102	waunu	verb	intransitive	stative		naw-causative		wak-naw	67,33	Irregular semantics - ?implies *wak has some earlier meaning relating to being in the ground generally	to sow, plant
103	baunu	verb	transitive	active		naw-causative		muk-naw	28,33	A humourous/ironic description of accident in terms of agency + semantic bleaching from cutting injury (a common injury) to any injury	to injure oneself (see notes)	Injured part is unmarked, instrument causing injury is -ni
104	duja	noun	count					nuja	35		skin, hide
105	eidja	noun	count					haj-nuja	1,35		lid (made from hide or bark cloth)
106	kuśxu	noun	count					kusa-si-kut	19,56,20		jar (squat, bulging rounded sides)
107	beixu	noun	count					mim-si-kut	26,56,20		cup, bowl; cup- and bowl-shaped objects (e.g. geological formations)
108	koixu	noun	count					kaju-si-kut	14,56,20		chest (solid, lockable container)
109	cī	noun	count					kaj	13		hand, arm	Arm (in contrast with foot) is specified with cī cija
110	ciwa	noun	count					ki-wat	17,70		leg (not body part, e.g. table leg)
111	cija	noun	count					ki-jat-ki-jak	17,8,17,6		foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary
112	cija-ciwa	adverb						ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat	17,8,17,6,17,70		totally, completely
113	dū	numeral	cardinal					nu	34		1
114	rū	numeral	cardinal					rut	52		2
115	tei	numeral	cardinal					tin	63		3
116	śā	numeral	cardinal					sa	53		4
117	śunu	numeral	cardinal					sa-nu	53,34		5
118	śoro	numeral	cardinal					sa-rut	53,52		6
119	śetë	numeral	cardinal					sa-tin	53,63		7
120	cici	numeral	cardinal					ki-kaj	17,13	ducci in compounds	8
121	rucci	numeral	cardinal					nu-ki-kaj	34,17,13		16
122	tecci	numeral	cardinal					rut-ki-kaj	52,17,13		24
123	śecce	numeral	cardinal					tin-ki-kaj	63,17,13		32
124	śuducci	numeral	cardinal					sa-nu-ki-kaj	53,34,17,13		40
125	śorocce	numeral	cardinal					sa-rut-ki-kaj	53,52,17,13		48
126	śetëcce	numeral	cardinal					sa-tin-ki-kaj	53,63,17,13		56
127	mśoro	numeral	cardinal					si-maru	56,24		64
128	rauśru	numeral	cardinal					rut-si-maru	52,56,24		128
129	teiśru	numeral	cardinal					tin-si-maru	63,56,24		192
130	śūśru	numeral	cardinal					sa-si-maru	53,56,24		256
131	śunuśru	numeral	cardinal					sa-nu-si-maru	53,34,56,24		320
132	śorośro	numeral	cardinal					sa-rut-si-maru	53,52,56,24		384
133	śetëśro	numeral	cardinal					sa-tin-si-maru	53,63,56,24		448
134	maiśru	numeral	cardinal					RDP-si-maru	49,56,24		512

*haj - DIMINUTIVE

eidja (*haj-nuja) noun lid (made from hide or bark cloth)

*hamaj - breast

aibi (*hamaj) noun breasts, bosom
aibśi (*hamaj-saj) verb to support, foster, nurture, take under one's wing

*haruk - hunger; thirst

orxe (*haruk-saj) verb to eat
oro (*haruk) noun hunger, thirst
orpo (*haruk-puk) verb to be hungry, thirsty

*haw - howl, cry

brū (*muraw-haw) verb to yell
brūśi (*muraw-haw-saj) verb to yell
brūwu (*RDP-muraw-haw) verb to yell
wū (*haw) verb to complain

*hin - see, look

cīpu (*ki-hin-puk) verb to see, catch the eye of
jei (*hin) verb to see
jei (*hin) verb to look at
jeiśi (*hin-saj) verb to look at
cīśi (*ki-hin-saj) verb to look at

*jak - to pass through; to traverse; to enter

jokwo (*jak-kahu) noun doorway
naja (*na-jak) verb to sew
jūnu (*jak-naw) verb to host, give hospitality to strangers, take in
cija (*ki-jat-ki-jak) noun foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely

*jam - to press

najo (*na-jam) verb to close (e.g. lid on container), tighten (e.g. fasten on clothes, knot on string)

*jat - to grab; to catch (in pursuit)

jōrë (*jat-ruŋ) verb to hunt (successfully)
nōrë-jōrë (*na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ) noun hide-and-seek (the game)
cija (*ki-jat-ki-jak) noun foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely

*juna - reach, stretch, extend

Guina (*ŋan-juna) noun the archipelago where Guinan is spoken; by restriction, its most populous island
jëna (*juna) verb to span, reach, extend, run
jëna (*si-juna) noun extent; edges, marches
noina (*na-juna) verb to spread, scatter

*juŋ - person

pośië (*pasan-juŋ) noun man
nūjï (*nuwim-juŋ) noun woman
totië (*tatan-juŋ) noun chief, boss

*juran - sun; day

juro (*juran) noun day

*kahu - hole, mouth

kou (*kahu) noun hole
jokwo (*jak-kahu) noun doorway

*kaj - hand

cī (*kaj) noun hand, arm
cici (*ki-kaj) numeral 8
rucci (*nu-ki-kaj) numeral 16
tecci (*rut-ki-kaj) numeral 24
śecce (*tin-ki-kaj) numeral 32
śuducci (*sa-nu-ki-kaj) numeral 40
śorocce (*sa-rut-ki-kaj) numeral 48
śetëcce (*sa-tin-ki-kaj) numeral 56

*kaju - strong; hard; robust; sturdy; solid

koixu (*kaju-si-kut) noun chest (solid, lockable container)

*kaŋ - eat

kō (*kaŋ) verb to eat
kaiśi (*kaŋ-saj) verb to eat
xō (*si-kaŋ) noun food
nako (*na-kaŋ) verb to feed sb. (sth.)
kūnu (*kaŋ-naw) verb to feed sth. (to sb.)

*kataj - story, account, retelling

kece (*kataj) noun story, account, retelling
kotno (*kataj-naw) verb to recount, tell the story of
ketnośe (*kataj-naw-saj) verb to recount, tell the story of
tekce (*RDP-kataj) noun evening gathering (when stories are exchanged)

*ki - part, body part

ciru (*ki-riw) noun tooth
ricru (*RDP-ki-riw) noun bite; dentition
keigi (*ki-ŋit) noun ear
cīpu (*ki-hin-puk) verb to see, catch the eye of
cīśi (*ki-hin-saj) verb to look at
keigpu (*ki-ŋit-puk) verb to hear, catch the ear of
keigçi (*ki-ŋit-saj) verb to listen to
ciwa (*ki-wat) noun leg (not body part, e.g. table leg)
cija (*ki-jat-ki-jak) noun foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary
cija (*ki-jat-ki-jak) noun foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely
cici (*ki-kaj) numeral 8
rucci (*nu-ki-kaj) numeral 16
tecci (*rut-ki-kaj) numeral 24
śecce (*tin-ki-kaj) numeral 32
śuducci (*sa-nu-ki-kaj) numeral 40
śorocce (*sa-rut-ki-kaj) numeral 48
śetëcce (*sa-tin-ki-kaj) numeral 56

*kuj - leave, depart

kaunu (*kuj-naw) verb to discard, reject

*kusa - heart; emotion; mood

kuśxu (*kusa-si-kut) noun jar (squat, bulging rounded sides)

*kut - hold, have

kuśxu (*kusa-si-kut) noun jar (squat, bulging rounded sides)
beixu (*mim-si-kut) noun cup, bowl; cup- and bowl-shaped objects (e.g. geological formations)
koixu (*kaju-si-kut) noun chest (solid, lockable container)

*mahip - an excuse; an allowance

mejep (*mahip) noun explanation, excuse
meife (*mahip-saj) verb to apologise to

*makuj - urine; wee; piss

moce (*makuj) noun piss

*maram - tree

maro (*maram) noun tree, wood (material)
rōro (*RDP-maram) noun woodland, forest, jungle

*maru - big, large

boro (*maru) adjective big, large
mśoro (*si-maru) numeral 64
rauśru (*rut-si-maru) numeral 128
teiśru (*tin-si-maru) numeral 192
śūśru (*sa-si-maru) numeral 256
śunuśru (*sa-nu-si-maru) numeral 320
śorośro (*sa-rut-si-maru) numeral 384
śetëśro (*sa-tin-si-maru) numeral 448
maiśru (*RDP-si-maru) numeral 512

*masut - smoke, cloud (?not a thunder cloud)

mośo (*masut) noun cloud, mist, fog

*mim - to drink; imbibe

beixu (*mim-si-kut) noun cup, bowl; cup- and bowl-shaped objects (e.g. geological formations)

*mipak - fruit; result; produce; the fleshy part of a vegetable/plant

mipa (*mipak) noun fruit (a piece of)

*muk - to cut; to split

baunu (*muk-naw) verb to injure oneself (see notes)

*muraw - very, greatly

brū (*muraw-haw) verb to yell
brūśi (*muraw-haw-saj) verb to yell
brūwu (*RDP-muraw-haw) verb to yell
muru (*muraw) adverb very

*na - CAUS

neto (*na-tiw) verb to cook
tonce (*tam-na-tuj) verb [causative auxilliary]
nako (*na-kaŋ) verb to feed sb. (sth.)
nōrë-jōrë (*na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ) noun hide-and-seek (the game)
naro (*na-raŋ) verb to kill (closed)
nośto (*na-satu) verb to be hard work
noce (*na-tuj) verb to put, place (regardless of orientation)
naja (*na-jak) verb to sew
norë (*na-ruŋ) verb to spook, startle
newe (*na-wik) verb to throw
nepë (*na-piŋ) verb to divide, allot, allocate, assign
noina (*na-juna) verb to spread, scatter
natpa (*na-tapa) verb to break
nauśa (*na-wasak) verb to disturb, irritate, annoy
nawa (*na-wak) verb to bury
najo (*na-jam) verb to close (e.g. lid on container), tighten (e.g. fasten on clothes, knot on string)

*namu - egg, nut, seed

domo (*namu) noun seed, nut

*nat - be happy, content

dā (*nat) verb to be happy, content
nōda (*RDP-nat) verb to be happy, content
nśā (*si-nat) noun greed
nśeçe (*si-nat-saj) verb to hunt, pursue
dōno (*nat-naw) verb to please, make happy

*naw - give

kotno (*kataj-naw) verb to recount, tell the story of
ketnośe (*kataj-naw-saj) verb to recount, tell the story of
taunu (*tiw-naw) verb to set light to
kūnu (*kaŋ-naw) verb to feed sth. (to sb.)
dōno (*nat-naw) verb to please, make happy
rūnu (*raŋ-naw) verb to kill, let die (e.g. through neglect)
śotno (*satu-naw) verb to bring to life
taunu (*tuj-naw) verb to place lying down
jūnu (*jak-naw) verb to host, give hospitality to strangers, take in
kaunu (*kuj-naw) verb to discard, reject
raunu (*ruŋ-naw) verb to chase (playfully, cf. jōrë)
weinu (*wik-naw) verb to scare off, oust, deter
peinu (*piŋ-naw) verb to organise
wośno (*wasak-naw) verb to make doubt, give pause
waunu (*wak-naw) verb to sow, plant
baunu (*muk-naw) verb to injure oneself (see notes)

*nu - 1; one

dū (*nu) numeral 1
śunu (*sa-nu) numeral 5
rucci (*nu-ki-kaj) numeral 16
śuducci (*sa-nu-ki-kaj) numeral 40
śunuśru (*sa-nu-si-maru) numeral 320

*nuja - skin, hide

duja (*nuja) noun skin, hide
eidja (*haj-nuja) noun lid (made from hide or bark cloth)

*nuwim - female

nūjï (*nuwim-juŋ) noun woman

*ŋan - old

Guina (*ŋan-juna) noun the archipelago where Guinan is spoken; by restriction, its most populous island

*ŋit - to ask; to hear

keigi (*ki-ŋit) noun ear
keigpu (*ki-ŋit-puk) verb to hear, catch the ear of
gī (*ŋit) verb to hear
gī (*ŋit) verb to listen to
gīçi (*ŋit-saj) verb to listen to
keigçi (*ki-ŋit-saj) verb to listen to

*pajuŋ - pain; wound

pojë (*pajuŋ) noun pain, wound

*paki - sharp, pointed

pece (*paki) adjective pointed, sharp
fece (*si-paki) noun arrow

*parak - stand out, protrude

para (*parak) verb to be clearly visible

*pasan - male

pośië (*pasan-juŋ) noun man

*pinat - behind; back

prūpu (*pinat-puk) verb to hunt (unsuccessfully)
prūpxi (*pinat-puk-saj) verb to hunt, pursue

*piŋ - to be divided, measured, numbered

nepë (*na-piŋ) verb to divide, allot, allocate, assign
peinu (*piŋ-naw) verb to organise

*pirun - tool; awl; drill

pirï (*pirun) noun awl, (sewing) needle

*puhit - small mammal

pui (*puhit) noun rat?

*puk - take, pick

orpo (*haruk-puk) verb to be hungry, thirsty
prūpu (*pinat-puk) verb to hunt (unsuccessfully)
prūpxi (*pinat-puk-saj) verb to hunt, pursue
cīpu (*ki-hin-puk) verb to see, catch the eye of
keigpu (*ki-ŋit-puk) verb to hear, catch the ear of

*raŋ - to die

naro (*na-raŋ) verb to kill (closed)
rūnu (*raŋ-naw) verb to kill, let die (e.g. through neglect)

*RDP

brūwu (*RDP-muraw-haw) verb to yell
nōda (*RDP-nat) verb to be happy, content
ricru (*RDP-ki-riw) noun bite; dentition
tekce (*RDP-kataj) noun evening gathering (when stories are exchanged)
rōro (*RDP-maram) noun woodland, forest, jungle
maiśru (*RDP-si-maru) numeral 512

*riw - bite

rū (*riw) verb to bite
ciru (*ki-riw) noun tooth
rśū (*si-riw) noun bite, morsel; a little bit
ricru (*RDP-ki-riw) noun bite; dentition

*ruŋ - to run

jōrë (*jat-ruŋ) verb to hunt (successfully)
nōrë-jōrë (*na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ) noun hide-and-seek (the game)
nōrë-jōrë (*na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ) noun hide-and-seek (the game)
norë (*na-ruŋ) verb to spook, startle
raunu (*ruŋ-naw) verb to chase (playfully, cf. jōrë)

*rut - 2; two

rū (*rut) numeral 2
śoro (*sa-rut) numeral 6
tecci (*rut-ki-kaj) numeral 24
śorocce (*sa-rut-ki-kaj) numeral 48
rauśru (*rut-si-maru) numeral 128
śorośro (*sa-rut-si-maru) numeral 384

*sa - 4; four

śā (*sa) numeral 4
śunu (*sa-nu) numeral 5
śoro (*sa-rut) numeral 6
śetë (*sa-tin) numeral 7
śuducci (*sa-nu-ki-kaj) numeral 40
śorocce (*sa-rut-ki-kaj) numeral 48
śetëcce (*sa-tin-ki-kaj) numeral 56
śūśru (*sa-si-maru) numeral 256
śunuśru (*sa-nu-si-maru) numeral 320
śorośro (*sa-rut-si-maru) numeral 384
śetëśro (*sa-tin-si-maru) numeral 448

*saj - go, proceed

kaiśi (*kaŋ-saj) verb to eat
orxe (*haruk-saj) verb to eat
brūśi (*muraw-haw-saj) verb to yell
ketnośe (*kataj-naw-saj) verb to recount, tell the story of
aibśi (*hamaj-saj) verb to support, foster, nurture, take under one's wing
meife (*mahip-saj) verb to apologise to
śukçi (*sukat-saj) verb to cook (by fire), burn
nśeçe (*si-nat-saj) verb to hunt, pursue
prūpxi (*pinat-puk-saj) verb to hunt, pursue
jeiśi (*hin-saj) verb to look at
cīśi (*ki-hin-saj) verb to look at
gīçi (*ŋit-saj) verb to listen to
keigçi (*ki-ŋit-saj) verb to listen to

*satu - to breathe

śoto (*satu) verb to breathe, inhale
nośto (*na-satu) verb to be hard work
śotno (*satu-naw) verb to bring to life

*si - NOM

xō (*si-kaŋ) noun food
nśā (*si-nat) noun greed
rśū (*si-riw) noun bite, morsel; a little bit
jëna (*si-juna) noun extent; edges, marches
fece (*si-paki) noun arrow
nśeçe (*si-nat-saj) verb to hunt, pursue
kuśxu (*kusa-si-kut) noun jar (squat, bulging rounded sides)
beixu (*mim-si-kut) noun cup, bowl; cup- and bowl-shaped objects (e.g. geological formations)
koixu (*kaju-si-kut) noun chest (solid, lockable container)
mśoro (*si-maru) numeral 64
rauśru (*rut-si-maru) numeral 128
teiśru (*tin-si-maru) numeral 192
śūśru (*sa-si-maru) numeral 256
śunuśru (*sa-nu-si-maru) numeral 320
śorośro (*sa-rut-si-maru) numeral 384
śetëśro (*sa-tin-si-maru) numeral 448
maiśru (*RDP-si-maru) numeral 512

*sihi - plump; fat

śī (*sihi) adjective well, healthy

*sukat - fire

śuka (*sukat) noun fire
śukçi (*sukat-saj) verb to cook (by fire), burn

*tam - this; here; these

tonce (*tam-na-tuj) verb [causative auxilliary]
to (*tam) comp [complementizer]

*tapa - to crack (intr.)

natpa (*na-tapa) verb to break

*tatan - upward, above, skyward

totië (*tatan-juŋ) noun chief, boss

*tihu - long

ciu (*tihu) adjective long

*tin - 3; three

tei (*tin) numeral 3
śetë (*sa-tin) numeral 7
śecce (*tin-ki-kaj) numeral 32
śetëcce (*sa-tin-ki-kaj) numeral 56
teiśru (*tin-si-maru) numeral 192
śetëśro (*sa-tin-si-maru) numeral 448

*tisiŋ - water

sei (*tisiŋ) noun water

*tiw - to burn

neto (*na-tiw) verb to cook
tū (*tiw) verb to burn
taunu (*tiw-naw) verb to set light to

*tuj - to lie; to remain

tonce (*tam-na-tuj) verb [causative auxilliary]
noce (*na-tuj) verb to put, place (regardless of orientation)
taunu (*tuj-naw) verb to place lying down

*wak - to dig

nawa (*na-wak) verb to bury
waunu (*wak-naw) verb to sow, plant

*wasak - to be unsteady, unstable

nauśa (*na-wasak) verb to disturb, irritate, annoy
wośno (*wasak-naw) verb to make doubt, give pause

*wasuk - roots; foundation; foot

wośo (*wasuk) noun foot, leg (human)

*wat - to end ; to finish

ciwa (*ki-wat) noun leg (not body part, e.g. table leg)
cija-ciwa (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) adverb totally, completely

*wik - to drop; to fall

newe (*na-wik) verb to throw
weinu (*wik-naw) verb to scare off, oust, deter

*wisa - taut, tight

wiśa (*wisa) adjective tight, taut

aibi (noun, mass) [aibi, aibñi, aibri, ūbku] [...] (*hamaj) breasts, bosom

aibśi (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial) [aibśi, aibśïmï, aibśiku] [...] (*hamaj-saj) to support, foster, nurture, take under one's wing

baunu (verb, transitive, active, naw-causative) [] [...] (*muk-naw) to injure oneself (see notes)

beixu (noun, count) [] [...] (*mim-si-kut) cup, bowl; cup- and bowl-shaped objects (e.g. geological formations)

boro (adjective) [] [...] (*maru) big, large

brū (verb, intransitive, active, perfective) [brū, ???, ???; ???] [...] (*muraw-haw) to yell

brūśi (verb, intransitive, active, salient) [brūśi, brūśmï, brūśku] [...] (*muraw-haw-saj) to yell

brūwu (verb, intransitive, active, circumstantial) [brūwu, ???, ???; ???] [...] (*RDP-muraw-haw) to yell

cī (noun, count) [] [...] (*kaj) hand, arm

cici (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*ki-kaj) 8

cija (noun, count) [] [...] (*ki-jat-ki-jak) foot, leg (animal); limb, branch; tributary, distributary

cija-ciwa (adverb) [] [...] (*ki-jat-ki-jak-ki-wat) totally, completely

cīpu (verb, transitive, stative, situational, perceptive) [cīpu, cīpïmï, cīpuku] [...] (*ki-hin-puk) to see, catch the eye of

ciru (noun, count) [cirñi, cirri, cirku] [...] (*ki-riw) tooth

cīśi (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial, perceptive) [cīśi, cīśïmï, cīśiku] [...] (*ki-hin-saj) to look at

ciu (adjective) [] [...] (*tihu) long

ciwa (noun, count) [] [...] (*ki-wat) leg (not body part, e.g. table leg)

dā (verb, intransitive, stative, general) [dā, dūmï, dōku; dōce] [...] (*nat) to be happy, content

domo (noun, count) [domo, domñe, domre, domko] [...] (*namu) seed, nut

dōno (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*nat-naw) to please, make happy

dū (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*nu) 1

duja (noun, count) [] [...] (*nuja) skin, hide

eidja (noun, count) [] [...] (*haj-nuja) lid (made from hide or bark cloth)

fece (noun, count) [fece, fecñe, fecre, fecko] [...] (*si-paki) arrow

gī (verb, transitive, stative, general, perceptive) [gī, geimï, gīku] [...] (*ŋit) to hear

gī (verb, transitive, active, perfective, perceptive) [gī, geimï, gīku] [...] (*ŋit) to listen to

gīçi (verb, transitive, active, salient, perceptive) [giçi, giçï, giçku] [...] (*ŋit-saj) to listen to

Guina (noun, proper) [Guina, Guinïñi, Guiñiri, Guinuku] [...] (*ŋan-juna) the archipelago where Guinan is spoken; by restriction, its most populous island

jei (verb, transitive, stative, general, perceptive) [jei, jeimï, jeiku] [...] (*hin) to see

jei (verb, transitive, active, perfective, perceptive) [jei, jeimï, jeiku] [...] (*hin) to look at

jeiśi (verb, transitive, active, salient, perceptive) [jeiśi, jeiśmï, jeiśku] [...] (*hin-saj) to look at

jëna (verb, intransitive, stative, situational) [jïna, jïnmï, jïnku] [...] (*juna) to span, reach, extend, run

jëna (noun, mass) [jïna, jïnñi, jïnri, jïnku] [...] (*si-juna) extent; edges, marches

jokwo (noun, count) [jokwo, jokwëñe, jokwore, jokwoko] [...] (*jak-kahu) doorway

jōrë (verb, transitive, active, perfective) [jōrë, jōrmë, jōrko] [...] (*jat-ruŋ) to hunt (successfully)

jūnu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*jak-naw) to host, give hospitality to strangers, take in

juro (noun, count) [juro, jurñi, jurri, jurku] [...] (*juran) day

kaiśi (verb, transitive, active, salient) [kaiśi, kūśmï, kūśku; kūści] [...] (*kaŋ-saj) to eat

kaunu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*kuj-naw) to discard, reject

kece (noun, count) [kece, kecñe, kecre, kocko] [...] (*kataj) story, account, retelling

keigçi (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial, perceptive) [keigçi, keigçïmï, keigçïku] [...] (*ki-ŋit-saj) to listen to

keigi (noun, count) [keigi, keigñi, keigri, keigku] [...] (*ki-ŋit) ear

keigpu (verb, transitive, stative, situational, perceptive) [keigpu, keigpïmï, keigpuku] [...] (*ki-ŋit-puk) to hear, catch the ear of

ketnośe (verb, intransitive, active, salient) [ketnośe, kotnośmë, kotnośko; kotnośece] [...] (*kataj-naw-saj) to recount, tell the story of

kō (verb, transitive, active, perfective) [kō, kūmï, kūku; kūci] [...] (*kaŋ) to eat

koixu (noun, count) [] [...] (*kaju-si-kut) chest (solid, lockable container)

kotno (verb, intransitive, active, perfective) [kotno, kotnëmë, kotnoko; kotnoce] [...] (*kataj-naw) to recount, tell the story of

kou (noun, count) [kou, kouñe, koure, kouko] [...] (*kahu) hole

kūnu (verb, naw-causative) [] [...] (*kaŋ-naw) to feed sth. (to sb.)

kuśxu (noun, count) [] [...] (*kusa-si-kut) jar (squat, bulging rounded sides)

maiśru (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*RDP-si-maru) 512

maro (noun, count) [maro, merñe, merre, morko] [...] (*maram) tree, wood (material)

meife (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial) [meife, meifëmë, meifeko] [...] (*mahip-saj) to apologise to

mejep (noun, count) [mejep, meipñe, meipre, meipko] [...] (*mahip) explanation, excuse

mipa (noun, count) [mipa, mipñi, mipri, mipku] [...] (*mipak) fruit (a piece of)

moce (noun, mass) [moce, mocñe, mocre, mocko] [...] (*makuj) piss

mośo (noun, mass) [mośo, nośñe, mośre, mośko] [...] (*masut) cloud, mist, fog

mśoro (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*si-maru) 64

muru (adverb) [] [...] (*muraw) very

naja (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-jak) to sew

najo (verb, intransitive, stative, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-jam) to close (e.g. lid on container), tighten (e.g. fasten on clothes, knot on string)

nako (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-kaŋ) to feed sb. (sth.)

naro (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-raŋ) to kill (closed)

natpa (verb, intransitive, stative, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-tapa) to break

nauśa (verb, intransitive, stative, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-wasak) to disturb, irritate, annoy

nawa (verb, intransitive, active, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-wak) to bury

nepë (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-piŋ) to divide, allot, allocate, assign

neto (verb, intransitive, stative, ??, na-causative) [neto, netmï, netko] [...] (*na-tiw) to cook

newe (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-wik) to throw

noce (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-tuj) to put, place (regardless of orientation)

nōda (verb, intransitive, stative, situational) [nōda, nūdmï, nūdku; nūdci] [...] (*RDP-nat) to be happy, content

noina (verb, intransitive, stative, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-juna) to spread, scatter

norë (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-ruŋ) to spook, startle

nōrë-jōrë (noun, mass) [] [...] (*na-ruŋ-jat-ruŋ) hide-and-seek (the game)

nośto (verb, intransitive, na-causative) [] [...] (*na-satu) to be hard work

nśā (noun, mass) [nśā, nśaiñi, nśēre, nśōko] [...] (*si-nat) greed

nśeçe (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial) [nśeçe, nśeçmë, nśeçko; nśoçkoce] [...] (*si-nat-saj) to hunt, pursue

nūjï (noun, count) [nūjï, nūjïñi, nūjïri, nūjïku] [...] (*nuwim-juŋ) woman

oro (noun, mass) [oro, orñe, orre orko] [...] (*haruk) hunger, thirst

orpo (verb, intransitive, stative, situational) [orpo, orpëmë, orpoko] [...] (*haruk-puk) to be hungry, thirsty

orxe (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial) [orxe, orxëmë, orxoko] [...] (*haruk-saj) to eat

para (verb, intransitive, stative, general) [para, pormï, porko; porce] [...] (*parak) to be clearly visible

pece (adjective) [] [...] (*paki) pointed, sharp

peinu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*piŋ-naw) to organise

pirï (noun, count) [pirï, pirñi, pirri, pirku] [...] (*pirun) awl, (sewing) needle

pojë (noun, count) [pojë, poiñe, poire, poiki] [...] (*pajuŋ) pain, wound

pośië (noun, count) [pośië, pośiëñe, pośiëre, pośiëko] [...] (*pasan-juŋ) man

prūpu (verb, transitive, active, perfective) [prūpu, prūpmï, prūpku] [...] (*pinat-puk) to hunt (unsuccessfully)

prūpxi (verb, transitive, active, salient) [prūpxi, prūpxïmï, prūpxiku] [...] (*pinat-puk-saj) to hunt, pursue

pui (noun, count) [pui, puiñi, puiri, puiku] [...] (*puhit) rat?

raunu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*ruŋ-naw) to chase (playfully, cf. jōrë)

rauśru (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*rut-si-maru) 128

ricru (noun) [ricru, ricrïñi, ricriri, ricruku] [...] (*RDP-ki-riw) bite; dentition

rōro (noun, mass) [rōro, rairñi, rairri, rūrku] [...] (*RDP-maram) woodland, forest, jungle

rśū (noun, count) [rśū, rśeiñi, rśūku] [...] (*si-riw) bite, morsel; a little bit

rū (verb, transitive, active, perfective) [rū, raumï, rūku] [...] (*riw) to bite

rū (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*rut) 2

rucci (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*nu-ki-kaj) 16

rūnu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*raŋ-naw) to kill, let die (e.g. through neglect)

śā (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa) 4

śecce (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*tin-ki-kaj) 32

sei (noun, mass) [sei, seiñi, seire, seiko] [...] (*tisiŋ) water

śetë (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-tin) 7

śetëcce (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-tin-ki-kaj) 56

śetëśro (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-tin-si-maru) 448

śī (adjective) [] [...] (*sihi) well, healthy

śoro (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-rut) 6

śorocce (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-rut-ki-kaj) 48

śorośro (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-rut-si-maru) 384

śotno (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*satu-naw) to bring to life

śoto (verb, intransitive, active, perfective) [śoto, śotmï, śotku] [...] (*satu) to breathe, inhale

śuducci (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-nu-ki-kaj) 40

śuka (noun, mass) [śuka, śukñi, śukri, śukku] [...] (*sukat) fire

śukçi (verb, transitive, active, circumstantial) [śukçi, śukçïmï, śukçiku] [...] (*sukat-saj) to cook (by fire), burn

śunu (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-nu) 5

śunuśru (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-nu-si-maru) 320

śūśru (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*sa-si-maru) 256

taunu (verb, intransitive, active, ??, naw-causative) [] [...] (*tiw-naw) to set light to

taunu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*tuj-naw) to place lying down

tecci (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*rut-ki-kaj) 24

tei (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*tin) 3

teiśru (numeral, cardinal) [] [...] (*tin-si-maru) 192

tekce (noun) [tekce, tektëñe, tektere, tokceko] [...] (*RDP-kataj) evening gathering (when stories are exchanged)

to (comp) [] [...] (*tam) [complementizer]

tonce (verb, transitive, active, ??, ??? na-causative) [] [...] (*tam-na-tuj) [causative auxilliary]

totië (noun, count) [totië, totiëñe, totiëre, totiëko] [...] (*tatan-juŋ) chief, boss

tū (verb, intransitive, stative, perfective) [tū, taumï, tūku] [...] (*tiw) to burn

waunu (verb, intransitive, stative, naw-causative) [] [...] (*wak-naw) to sow, plant

weinu (verb, intransitive, naw-causative) [] [...] (*wik-naw) to scare off, oust, deter

wiśa (adjective) [] [...] (*wisa) tight, taut

wośno (verb, intransitive, stative, naw-causative) [] [...] (*wasak-naw) to make doubt, give pause

wośo (noun, mass) [wośo, wośñe, wośre, wośko] [...] (*wasuk) foot, leg (human)

wū (verb, intransitive, active, perfective) [wū, waumï, wūku] [...] (*haw) to complain

xō (noun, mass) [xō, xaiñi, xairi, xūpu] [...] (*si-kaŋ) food